What Are LARCs, Exactly? An Ob-Gyn Breaks Down the Contraception Method

Finding your ideal form of birth control isn't easy. When making your decision, there are several factors to consider — from overall effectiveness to potential side effects — and oftentimes, patients aren't informed about all of the options available. This is especially true when it comes to long-acting reversible contraception (otherwise known as LARCs). Although you may think the choices for long-acting reversible contraception are few and far between, the reality is that you may have more options than you realize.

For some, these long-acting methods could be a more convenient form of birth control. For others, the high efficacy rates are the biggest draw. "LARCs — such as the arm implant, Nexplanon, and IUDs — may be highly effective options for women who are looking for an option to simplify their birth control regimen that does not require daily or monthly dosing," says ob-gyn Kameelah Phillips, MD, IBCLC. But who are LARCs really best for? Ahead, learn more about what LARCs are, how they work, and what you should consider before trying one yourself.

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Kameelah Phillips, IBCLC, is a board-certified ob-gyn and Organon health partner.

What Are LARCs?

LARC stands for "long-acting reversible contraception." These include arm implants like Nexplanon, and various intrauterine devices (IUDs). "LARCs are placed inside your body — either in your arm or uterus — by a health care provider and can remain in the body for multiple years," Dr. Phillips says. "The duration depends on the specific type of LARC, ranging from three to 10 years." She emphasizes non-uterine LARCs, like arm implants, can still provide up to three years of pregnancy protection.

LARCs also come with different amounts and types of hormones. "When discussing birth control options with my patients, I sometimes break down the different birth control methods into three categories: non-hormonal, combined hormonal birth control (including estrogen and progestin), and progestin only," Dr. Phillips says. The arm implant, for instance, is a LARC that releases a low dose of progestin. But there are also IUDs, including non-hormonal and progestin-only options, Dr. Phillips says.

Additionally — touching on the "reversible" aspect — all LARCs can be removed at any time by a trained physician should a person's plans change. "The body generally has a return to ovulation shortly after a LARC is removed," Dr. Phillips says. "As an example, with the arm implant, a [person] may get pregnant as early as a week after the removal of the implant."

LARC Benefits

Contraception is most effective when used consistently and correctly. LARCs, however, are extremely low-maintenance compared to other methods of birth control. "I find that [people] who tend to miss the pill or are seeking a form of contraception that they don't have to take, place or have inserted often, should consider a LARC," Dr. Phillips says. Whether you struggle to take your birth control at the same time each day, or just want a little more peace of mind, LARCs may be able to help.

Along with increased convenience, LARCs are also incredibly reliable and effective at preventing pregnancy. Nexplanon leads the pack, proving to be over 99 percent effective in preventing pregnancies. Then comes hormonal IUDs, which are 99.9 percent effective over five years, with the copper IUD close behind at 99.8 percent (although these percentages may vary depending on the specific brand of IUD).

With these benefits in mind, remember to always discuss with your doctor for the best personalized medical advice, as everyone's circumstances are different.

LARC Considerations

One of the biggest considerations when it comes to LARCs is the insertion process. "Recently there has been a lot of conversations and information about LARC insertions, pain, and experiences being shared, especially on social media," Dr. Phillips says. "It's important for healthcare professionals to have candid conversations with their patients on what to expect." It may be helpful for a provider to talk through the procedure with the patient beforehand, as well as during the insertion process, to help them feel more comfortable. According to updated CDC guidelines, lidocaine (either a topical spray, gel, or paracervical block) may also help reduce the pain of IUD insertion.

Dr. Phillips adds that what works for one person might not work for someone else, so be weary of what you hear online. "The information on social media isn't always accurate, especially as it relates to contraception," she says. "I remind my patients that it's important to remember every individual may respond differently to birth control. Women should seek information that comes from trusted and experienced sources, like a healthcare professional or from medical societies or organizations."

Who Are LARCs Best For?

"When selecting a type of contraception, women should keep in mind their life stage or personal health background, and should also think about what they want out of a birth control option," Dr. Phillips says. This may include effectiveness at preventing pregnancy, safety profile, availability, and cost (among others). That being said, there are some people she feels may be especially interested in LARCs. These include:

If you're interested in LARCs, talk to your doctor to see if they may be the right fit for you.

Chandler Plante (she/her) is an assistant health and fitness editor for PS. She has over four years of professional journalism experience, previously working as an editorial assistant for People magazine and contributing to Ladygunn, Millie, and Bustle Digital Group.